Evaluation of In-Vehicle Pollutants Exposure during Movement Control Order (MCO) and Respiratory Symptoms Among Bus Drivers in Kota Bahru, Malaysia
Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Abstract
Exposure to in-vehicle air pollutants has been recognized as a risk factor for respiratory diseases. The present study therefore investigates the factors, including duration of employment and in-vehicle concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) that can influence the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in commercial bus drivers. A total of 34 bus drivers and 51 administrative staff (comparative group) from the bus operator in Kota Bahru, Malaysia were randomly enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The personal characteristics and respiratory symptoms were reported using a validated questionnaire from the American Thoracic Society (ATS-DLD-78-A). In-vehicle concentrations of PM2.5, CO2 and NO2 were continuously measured over eight hours on each bus driver.
Description
Keywords
Bus driver, In-vehicle pollutants, PM2.5, CO2, Respiratory symptoms
Citation
Ayub, Z. A., Jalaludin, J., Isa, K. N. M., & Noraini, N. M. R. (2022). Evaluation of in-vehicle pollutants exposure and respiratory symptoms among bus drivers in Kota Bahru, Malaysia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1013, No. 1, p. 012010). IOP Publishing.