An integrated toolkit using multiple methods for determining the potential sources of iron and manganese in groundwater: a case study from the lower Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer
Abstract
The application of thin-section petrography, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM–EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-analysis, and laser Raman spectral analysis methods can be combined to characterize iron-ores and distinguish clay minerals in alluvial soils. The integrated methodology developed for this work provides the basis for a generic mineral characterization toolkit. Five main alluvial soil types have been defined in the upper layer of the lower Kelantan Basin, Malaysia: sand with low clay content, clay sand, sandy clay, mottled clay, and mud-sand.
Description
Keywords
Iron-oxyhydroxide, Clay, Quaternary, Soil, Goethite, Hematite, Alluvial
Citation
Usman, U. A., Yusoff, I., Raoov, M., Alias, Y., Hodgkinson, J., & Abdullah, N. (2021). An integrated toolkit using multiple methods for determining the potential sources of iron and manganese in groundwater: a case study from the lower Kelantan river basin, Malaysia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 80, 1-17.