Fossil Fuel
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Item Restricted A system dynamics approach to pollution remediation and mitigation based on increasing the share of renewable resources(Elsevier, 2022) Saleh Shadman; Christina M.M. Chin; Novita Sakundarini; Eng Hwa Yap; Shadreen Fairuz; Xin Yi Wong; Phahmee Ahanaf Khalid; Fatemeh Karimi; Ceren Karaman; M. Mofijur; Apurav Krishna Koyande; Pau Loke ShowThis study explores the role of renewable energy (RE) penetration in Malaysia's energy security (ES) and its implications for the country's target of 20% capacity in the energy mix by 2025. Renewable energy (RE) is a critical driver of long-term energy security. In 2018, the share of renewable energy in Malaysia's energy mix was 9%, falling far short of the national target of 20% penetration by 2025. This study employs a system dynamics approach to investigate the relationship between RE penetration and correlated indicators from energy security (ES) dimensions: energy availability, environmental sustainability, and socio-economics.Item Restricted Hydrogen Fuel-Cells: The Future Of Clean Energy Technology(Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South (COMSATS), 2009) Wan Ramli Wan DaudFuel-cell technology, using hydrogen energy, is an advanced green energy technology for the future that is green, sustainable, clean and environment- friendly. Emission of Green-house gases from human activities has been proven beyond doubt as the main cause of global warming and climate-change. The finite world energy-supply, which consists nearly of 90% fossil fuel, will be depleted in a short period of time precipitating an energy-crisis because of a widening gap between fossil-fuel production and demand. Many countries responded to the anticipated energy crisis by diversifying their fuel-resources to include renewable and alternative energy, and developing green-energy technology for the future. Despite political announcements on renewable energy, fossil-fuels will continue to dominate energy resources for some time in future, and carbon emission will increase; but global nuclear energy expansion is uncertain because of international tensions and general public fears of another Chernobyl disaster or a nuclear terrorists.