Zhafir Adam AyubJuliana JalaludinKhairul Nizam Mohd IsaNorMohd Razif Noraini2024-05-102024-05-102022Ayub, Z. A., Jalaludin, J., Isa, K. N. M., & Noraini, N. M. R. (2022). Evaluation of in-vehicle pollutants exposure and respiratory symptoms among bus drivers in Kota Bahru, Malaysia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1013, No. 1, p. 012010). IOP Publishing.https://repoemc.ukm.my/handle/123456789/509Exposure to in-vehicle air pollutants has been recognized as a risk factor for respiratory diseases. The present study therefore investigates the factors, including duration of employment and in-vehicle concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) that can influence the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in commercial bus drivers. A total of 34 bus drivers and 51 administrative staff (comparative group) from the bus operator in Kota Bahru, Malaysia were randomly enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The personal characteristics and respiratory symptoms were reported using a validated questionnaire from the American Thoracic Society (ATS-DLD-78-A). In-vehicle concentrations of PM2.5, CO2 and NO2 were continuously measured over eight hours on each bus driver.enBus driverIn-vehicle pollutantsPM2.5CO2Respiratory symptomsJournal