Ricky Anak KemarauOliver Valentine Eboy2024-05-142024-05-142020Kemarau, R. A., & Eboy, O. V. (2020). URBANIZATION AND IT IMPACTS TO LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE ON SMALL MEDIUM SIZE CITY FOR YEAR 1991, 2011 AND 2018: CASE STUDY KOTA KINABALU. Journal of Borneo Social Transformation Studies (JOBSTS), 6(1), 5-15.https://repoemc.ukm.my/handle/123456789/651Transformation of land cover vegetation toward urban areas causes the temperature at urban higher to compare to suburban and rural areas, namely urban heat island (UHI) effect. The UHI has a negative impact, such a stroke heat, air pollution, green gasses emission, and electric consumption. UHI studies at a tropical country still limited due to the containment of cloud cover. Besides that, studies only focus on big cities which have residents above than 2 million. The outcome this studied important to enhance our knowledge of urban heat effect at small-medium cities and guidelines to policymaker and urban planner to discover there has effectively taken to decrease the effect of urban heat at the hot spot area. The main goal of this research about to discovered influence of urban growth and selected urban index, namely the Normalized Difference Built Index (NDBI) to LST.LSTUrbanization and NDBISurface Urban Heat IslandRemote SensingGISJournal